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A work made of glass beads, fabric, thread, and copper alloy.

Crown (Ade)

Late 19th to mid-20th century

Yoruba Idowa, Nigeria Coastal West Africa

Nigeria

This elaborate conical crown once belonged to the king of Idowa. It refers to the inner head (ori inu) or spiritual essence of a Yoruba ruler. The faces outlined with beads establish a link to past kings, who serve as influential ancestors to the present one. The beaded veil protects onlookers from the king’s potent gaze while multiple three-dimensional birds allude to the supernatural powers of women.

Glass beads, fabric, thread, and copper alloy

Arts of Africa